0001762322-22-000077 | 10-Q | XBRL Viewer

Print Document View Excel Document

Cover Page - shares	6 Months Ended
Cover Page - shares	Jun. 30, 2022	Aug. 08, 2022
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2022
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-38839
Entity Registrant Name	Shift Technologies, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	82-5325852
Entity Address, Address Line One	290 Division Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 400
Entity Address, City or Town	San Francisco
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94103-4893
City Area Code	855
Local Phone Number	575-6739
Title of 12(b) Security	Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share
Trading Symbol	SFT
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	true
Entity Ex Transition Period	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		84,824,518
Entity Central Index Key	0001762322
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Amendment Flag	false

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 88,482	$ 182,616
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $293 and $304	8,899	20,084
Inventory	136,566	122,743
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	5,140	7,392
Total current assets	239,087	332,835
Property and equipment, net	10,131	7,940
Operating lease right-of-use assets	38,110	0
Capitalized website and internal use software costs, net	24,047	9,262
Restricted cash, non-current	11,800	11,725
Goodwill	2,524	0
Deferred borrowing costs	414	564
Other non-current assets	3,132	3,414
Total assets	329,245	365,740
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	24,049	15,175
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	30,010	43,944
Current maturities of operating lease liabilities	6,663	0
Flooring line of credit	93,830	83,252
Total current liabilities	154,552	142,371
Long-term debt, net	162,341	144,335
Non-current operating lease liabilities	34,814	0
Other non-current liabilities	1,645	3,762
Total liabilities	353,352	290,468
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Stockholders’ equity (deficit):
Preferred stock – par value $0.0001 per share; 1,000,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	0	0
Common stock – par value $0.0001 per share; 500,000,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively; 85,124,455 and 81,369,311 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively	9	8
Additional paid-in capital	525,841	515,975
Accumulated deficit	(549,957)	(440,711)
Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)	(24,107)	75,272
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)	$ 329,245	$ 365,740

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Jun. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowance for doubtful accounts	$ 293	$ 304
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Preferred stock, authorized (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.0001	$ 0.0001
Common stock, authorized (in shares)	500,000,000	500,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares)	85,124,455	81,369,311
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	85,124,455	81,369,311

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
Revenue
Revenue	$ 223,733,000	$ 154,850,000	$ 443,312,000	$ 260,854,000
Cost of sales	211,855,000	138,519,000	420,647,000	237,158,000
Gross profit	11,878,000	16,331,000	22,665,000	23,696,000
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses	58,744,000	48,143,000	122,281,000	98,378,000
Depreciation and amortization	2,459,000	1,561,000	4,139,000	2,662,000
Total operating expenses	61,203,000	49,704,000	126,420,000	101,040,000
Loss from operations	(49,325,000)	(33,373,000)	(103,755,000)	(77,344,000)
Change in fair value of financial instruments	0	3,470,000	0	5,624,000
Interest and other expense, net	(2,846,000)	(1,758,000)	(5,424,000)	(2,696,000)
Net loss before income taxes	(52,171,000)	(31,661,000)	(109,179,000)	(74,416,000)
Provision for income taxes	27,000	0	68,000	0
Net loss and comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders	(52,198,000)	(31,661,000)	(109,247,000)	(74,416,000)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$ (52,198,000)	$ (31,661,000)	$ (109,247,000)	$ (74,416,000)
Net loss and comprehensive loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic (in dollars per share)	$ (0.64)	$ (0.41)	$ (1.37)	$ (0.95)
Net loss and comprehensive loss per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted (in dollars per share)	$ (0.64)	$ (0.41)	$ (1.37)	$ (0.95)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic (in shares)	80,952,782	78,046,020	79,902,644	78,000,870
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, diluted (in shares)	80,952,782	78,046,020	79,902,644	78,000,870
Ecommerce revenue, net
Revenue
Revenue	$ 194,981,000	$ 129,688,000	$ 378,062,000	$ 218,642,000
Other revenue, net
Revenue
Revenue	9,220,000	5,075,000	17,931,000	9,094,000
Wholesale vehicle revenue
Revenue
Revenue	$ 19,532,000	$ 20,087,000	$ 47,319,000	$ 33,118,000

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Public Warrants	Common Stock	Common Stock Public Warrants	Additional Paid-in Capital	Additional Paid-in Capital Public Warrants	Accumulated Deficit
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020			83,904,182
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 237,182		$ 8		$ 511,617		$ (274,443)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Warrant exchange (in shares)				125,160
Warrant exchange		$ (497)				$ (497)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of vested options (in shares)			107,645
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of vested options	200				200
Repurchase of shares related to early exercised options	1				1
Vesting of early exercised options	132				132
Stock-based compensation	8,375				8,375
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(42,755)						(42,755)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(42,755)						(42,755)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2021			84,136,987
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2021	202,638		$ 8		519,828		(317,198)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020			83,904,182
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2020	237,182		$ 8		511,617		(274,443)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(74,416)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(74,416)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2021			84,162,817
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021	148,452		$ 8		497,303		(348,859)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2021			84,136,987
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2021	202,638		$ 8		519,828		(317,198)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Purchase of capped calls	(28,391)				(28,391)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of vested options (in shares)			31,679
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of vested options	101				101
Repurchase of shares related to early exercised options (in shares)			(5,849)
Vesting of early exercised options	114				114
Stock-based compensation	5,651				5,651
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(31,661)						(31,661)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(31,661)						(31,661)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2021			84,162,817
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2021	148,452		$ 8		497,303		(348,859)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021			81,369,311
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	75,272		$ 8		515,975		(440,711)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock under stock-based compensation plans, net of shares exchanged for withholding tax (in shares)			1,300,295
Issuance of common stock under stock-based compensation plans, net of shares exchanged for withholding tax	(2,162)				(2,162)
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of vested options (in shares)			12,309
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of vested options	3				3
Repurchase of shares related to early exercised options (in shares)			(2,784)
Vesting of early exercised options	35				35
Stock-based compensation	4,517				4,517
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(57,048)						(57,048)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(57,048)						(57,048)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022			82,679,131
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2022	20,617		$ 8		518,368		(497,759)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021			81,369,311
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 75,272		$ 8		515,975		(440,711)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of vested options (in shares)	12,309
Net loss and comprehensive loss	$ (109,247)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(109,247)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022			85,124,455
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022	(24,107)		$ 9		525,841		(549,957)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022			82,679,131
Beginning balance at Mar. 31, 2022	20,617		$ 8		518,368		(497,759)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of common stock under stock-based compensation plans, net of shares exchanged for withholding tax (in shares)			387,567
Issuance of common stock under stock-based compensation plans, net of shares exchanged for withholding tax	(291)				(291)
Issuance of shares as consideration in business combinations (in shares)			2,066,978
Issuance of shares as consideration in business combinations	2,481		$ 1		2,480
Repurchase of shares related to early exercised options (in shares)			(9,221)
Vesting of early exercised options	24				24
Stock-based compensation	5,260				5,260
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(52,198)						(52,198)
Net loss and comprehensive loss	(52,198)						(52,198)
Ending balance (in shares) at Jun. 30, 2022			85,124,455
Ending balance at Jun. 30, 2022	$ (24,107)		$ 9		$ 525,841		$ (549,957)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022	Jun. 30, 2021
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net loss	$ (109,247)	$ (74,416)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	4,957	2,883
Stock-based compensation expense	9,115	13,608
Change in fair value of financial instruments	0	(5,624)
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use assets	5,751	0
Contra-revenue associated with milestones	318	318
Amortization of debt discounts	843	0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	11,185	(9,906)
Inventory	(14,001)	(73,365)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	784	(1,019)
Other non-current assets	71	75
Accounts payable	8,712	1,373
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(11,802)	3,389
Operating lease liabilities	(3,160)	0
Other non-current liabilities	(1,659)	1,805
Net cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash used in operating activities	(98,133)	(140,879)
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property and equipment	(3,358)	(2,921)
Capitalized website internal-use software costs	(5,072)	(2,934)
Business acquisition	(15,000)	0
Net cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash used in investing activities	(23,430)	(5,855)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from flooring line of credit facility	270,083	162,241
Repayment of flooring line of credit facility	(259,505)	(126,504)
Exchange of warrants for cash	0	(497)
Proceeds from Senior Unsecured Notes, net of discounts	19,591	0
Payment of debt issuance costs	(175)	0
Proceeds from issuance of convertible notes	0	143,768
Premiums paid for Capped Call Transactions	0	(28,391)
Proceeds from stock option exercises, including from early exercised options	3	301
Payment of tax withheld for common stock issued under stock-based compensation plans	(2,453)	0
Repurchase of shares related to early exercised options	(40)	(15)
Net cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash provided by financing activities	27,504	150,903
Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	(94,059)	4,169
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	194,341	235,541
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	100,282	239,710
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid for interest	5,221	427
Cash paid for income taxes	125	0
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures in accounts payable	163	525
Vesting of exercised options	59	246
Stock-based compensation capitalized to internal-use software	662	418
Issuance of shares as consideration in business acquisitions	2,481	0
Imputation of debt discounts reducing consideration transferred in business acquisitions	2,103	0
Establishment of operating lease right of use assets and lease liabilities
Operating lease right of use assets	42,602	0
Operating lease liabilities	43,378	0
Other Assets	1,716	0
Other Liabilities	$ 2,492	$ 0

DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES

1. DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Shift Technologies, Inc., which, together with its subsidiaries we refer to as Shift, we, us, our, SFT, or the Company, conducts its business through its wholly owned subsidiaries Shift Platform, Inc., Shift Operations, LLC, and their subsidiaries. Shift Platform, Inc., formerly known as Shift Technologies, Inc. (“Legacy Shift”) was incorporated in the State of Delaware on December 9, 2013.

On October 13, 2020, Insurance Acquisition Corp. (“IAC”), an entity listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the trade symbol “INSU”, acquired Shift Platform, Inc., formerly known as Shift Technologies, Inc. (“Legacy Shift”), by the merger of IAC Merger Sub, Inc., a direct wholly owned subsidiary of IAC, with and into Legacy Shift, with Legacy Shift continuing as the surviving entity and a wholly owned subsidiary of IAC (the “Merger”). The public company resulting from the merger was renamed Shift Technologies, Inc.

The Company is headquartered in San Francisco, California and operates hubs to purchase, recondition and/or sell vehicles in major cities in California, Oregon, Washington, and Texas. Shift operates an innovative platform to make car purchases, car sales and ownership simple. Shift’s innovative platform, which includes proprietary pricing technology, provides consumers with a digital purchase and selling experience, and includes offerings throughout the sales cycle, including vehicle pickup and delivery at a customer’s location.

The Company currently is organized into two reportable segments: Retail and Wholesale. The Retail segment represents retail sales of used vehicles through the Company’s ecommerce platform and fees earned on sales of value-added products associated with those vehicles sales such as vehicle service contracts, guaranteed asset protection waiver coverage, prepaid maintenance plans, and appearance protection plans. The Wholesale segment represents sales of used vehicles through wholesale auctions or directly to a wholesaler (“DTW”).

COVID-19

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (“COVID-19”) as a pandemic. The Company saw a slowing of vehicle sales immediately following the shelter in place ordinances in March; however, within five weeks, weekly sales volume rebounded nearly to pre-COVID-19 volumes. The Company has adjusted certain aspects of its operations to protect its employees and customers while still meeting customers’ needs for vital technology, including implementing contactless purchase and delivery processes and applying long-term antimicrobial surface and air protection systems for its entire inventory.

On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (the “CARES Act”), was signed into law in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CARES Act includes several significant income tax relief provisions as well as the deferral of the employer portion of the social security payroll tax. The Company has evaluated the income tax impacts of the CARES Act and does not expect that the income tax relief provisions of the CARES Act will significantly impact the Company, since it has had taxable losses since inception. In addition, the Company has adopted the deferral of the employer portion of the social security payroll tax. The deferral was effective from the enactment date through December 31, 2020. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had repaid $0.6 million of the $1.3 million originally deferred. As required, the remaining deferred amount will be paid by December 31, 2022.

Basis of Presentation

Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. In the opinion of management, the interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation.

The interim condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, condensed consolidated statements of stockholders' equity (deficit) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and amounts relating to the interim periods included in the accompanying notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. The unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in management’s opinion, reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for the fair financial statement presentation of the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2022, and its results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. The results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the fiscal year or any other periods. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on March 16, 2022.

Liquidity and Management's Plan

For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company generated negative cash flows from operations of approximately $98.1 million and $140.9 million, respectively, and generated net losses of approximately $109.2 million and $74.4 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $88.5 million and total working capital of $84.5 million. Since inception, the Company has had negative cash flows and losses from operations which it has funded primarily through issuances of common and preferred stock and through a reverse recapitalization via its merger with Insurance Acquisition Corp. in October 2020. The Company has historically funded vehicle inventory purchases through its vehicle floorplan facilities (see Note 7 - Borrowings). As further discussed in Note 8 - Stockholders' Equity (Deficit), the Company has entered into an "At the Market" (ATM) facility that allows it to raise capital via the sale of its Class A Common Stock. The Company also continually assesses other opportunities to raise debt or equity capital.

The Company's plan is to raise capital, whether through the ATM or other capital-raising efforts to provide net proceeds which the Company believes will be sufficient to provide the liquidity necessary to satisfy its obligations over the next twelve months. The Company's ability to raise capital from the ATM facility may be constrained by the price of and demand for the Company's Class A Common Stock. There can be no assurance that net proceeds from the ATM will be sufficient, or that the Company will be able to complete its other planned capital raising efforts and raise sufficient additional capital that will provide it with sufficient liquidity to satisfy its obligations over the next twelve months.

The Company has also begun to implement the Project Focus Restructuring Plan (“Project Focus”, the “Plan”), which is designed to improve the Company’s liquidity by improving unit economics and reducing selling, general, and administrative expenses. The Plan seeks to achieve these goals by eliminating less profitable fulfillment channels, consolidating operations into fewer physical locations, and reducing headcount accordingly. Please see Note 16 - Subsequent Events for additional information.

In August 2022, the Company announced the Agreement and Plan of Merger between the Company and CarLotz, Inc. (the “CarLotz Merger”). The Merger is expected to close in the near the end of 2022, contingent upon the resolution of certain conditions to closing. The CarLotz Merger is expected to increase the liquidity available to the combined entity by adding the cash resources of legacy CarLotz to the combined entity and obviating the need for legacy Carlotz to invest in technologies already developed by Shift. There can be no guarantee that the conditions to closing will be met, or that once closed the acquisition will provide any of the expected benefits.

In accordance with Accounting Standards Update No. 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern (Subtopic 205-40), the Company has evaluated whether there are conditions and events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the condensed consolidated financial statements are issued or available to be issued. Management determined as a result of this evaluation the Company’s losses and negative cash flows from operations since inception, combined with its current cash and working capital position, raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis that assumes the Company will continue as a going concern which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities and commitments in the ordinary course of business. Accordingly, the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions, including those related to the valuation of vehicle inventory, capitalized website and internal-use software development costs, fair value of common stock, financial instruments, convertible debt, stock-based compensation and income taxes.

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted the global economy, as well as the Company’s operations, and the extent and duration of the impacts remain unclear. The Company’s future estimates, including, but not limited to, the inventory valuations, and fair value measurements, may be impacted and continue to evolve as conditions change as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Management bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ materially from those estimates.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability.

The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows:

Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.

Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had no assets or liabilities measured at fair value.

In connection with the closing of the Merger, 6,000,218 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (the “Escrow Shares”) were deposited into an escrow account, with each former Legacy Shift stockholder listed as beneficiary in proportion to their percentage ownership of Legacy Shift common shares immediately prior to the Merger. The Escrow Shares will be released to the beneficiaries if the following conditions are achieved following October 13, 2020, the date of the closing of the Merger:

i.if at any time during the 12 months following the closing, the closing share price of the Company’s Class A common stock is greater than $12.00 over any 20 trading days within any 30 trading day period, 50% of the Escrow Shares will be released; and

ii. if at any time during the 30 months following the closing, the closing share price of the Company’s Class A common stock is greater than $15.00 over any 20 trading days within any 30 trading day period, 50% of the Escrow Shares will be released.

iii.If, during the 30 months following the closing, there is a change of control (as defined in the Merger Agreement) that will result in the holders of the Company’s Class A common stock receiving a per share price equal to or in excess of $10 per share (as equitably adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, special cash dividends, reorganizations, combinations, recapitalizations and similar transactions affecting the Class A common stock after the date of the Merger), then all remaining Escrow Shares shall be released to the Legacy Shift stockholders effective as of immediately prior to the consummation of such change of control.

The Escrow Shares are legally outstanding and the beneficiaries retain all voting, dividend and distribution rights applicable to the Company’s Class A common stock while the shares are in escrow. If the conditions for the release of the Escrow Shares are not met, the shares and any dividends or distributions arising therefrom shall be returned to the Company. The Escrow Shares are not considered outstanding for accounting purposes, and as such are excluded from the calculation of basic net loss per share (see Note 14).

The Escrow Shares meet the accounting definition of a derivative financial instrument. Prior to the cancellation of the first tranche on October 13, 2021, the number of Escrow Shares that would have ultimately been released was partially dependent on variables (namely, the occurrence of a change in control) that are not valuation inputs to a “fixed for fixed” option or forward contract, and therefore the Escrow Shares were not considered to be indexed to the Company’s Class A common stock and were therefore classified as a liability. The Company’s obligation to release the Escrow Shares upon achievement of the milestones was initially recorded to financial instruments liability on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at fair value as of the date of the Merger. Subsequent changes in the fair value of the liability were recorded to change in fair value of financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The Escrow Shares were remeasured on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs. The fair value of the Escrow Shares was determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model, which requires significant estimates including the expected volatility of our Class A common stock. The expected annual volatility of our Class A common stock was estimated to be 69.69% as of June 30, 2021, based on the historical volatility of comparable publicly traded companies.

The table below illustrates the changes in the fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments liability:


(in thousands)	2021
Balance as of January 1,	$	25,230
Remeasurement of Escrow Shares liability	(5,624)
Balance as of June 30,	$	19,606

As of the first anniversary of the Merger on October 13, 2021, the first tranche of 3,000,109 Escrow Shares had failed to satisfy the $12.00 stock performance hurdle. As a result, the shares were returned to the Company for cancellation.

Following the return of the first tranche of the Escrow Shares to the Company on October 13, 2021, the Escrow Shares met the "fixed for fixed" option or forward contract criteria for equity classification. As such, changes in fair value of the Escrow Shares through October 13, 2021 were recorded in change in fair value of financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The fair value of the shares on October 13, 2021 of $6.3 million, measured using the Monte Carlo valuation model, was reclassified to additional paid-in capital on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recognized a gain related to the change in fair value of the Escrow Shares of $5.6 million, which is included in change in fair value of financial instruments on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Business Combinations

The Company uses the acquisition method of accounting under ASC 805, Business Combinations. Each acquired company’s operating results are included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements starting on the acquisition date. The purchase price is equivalent to the fair value of consideration transferred. Tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date are recorded at the acquisition date fair value. Goodwill is recognized for the excess of purchase price over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

Amounts allocated to assets and liabilities are based upon fair values. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to the identifiable intangible assets. Management makes estimates of fair value based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable and that of a market participant. These estimates are based on available historical information as well as future expectations, and the estimates are inherently uncertain. The separately identifiable intangible assets generally include customer relationships, acquired technology, backlog, trade names, and non-compete agreements.

Goodwill

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but rather tested for impairment annually in the fourth fiscal quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may exist. Goodwill impairment is recognized when the quantitative assessment results in the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeding its fair value, in which case an impairment charge is recorded to goodwill to the extent the carrying value exceeds the fair value, limited to the amount of goodwill. The Company did not recognize any impairment of goodwill for all periods presented.

Correction of an Immaterial Error

For the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized $0.3 million of rent expense in selling, general and administrative expenses, $10.6 million of right-of-use assets, $10.7 million of operating lease liabilities, and a reduction of $0.2 million to prepaid expenses and other current assets as an out-of-period adjustment. The adjustment is not material to the condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarter ended March 31, 2022 or to any previously filed interim or annual periods.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and subsequent related ASUs, which amends the guidance on the impairment of financial instruments by requiring measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. This ASU is effective for public and private companies’ fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, and December 15, 2022, respectively. The Company expects to adopt ASU 2016-13 under the private company transition guidance beginning January 1, 2023, and is currently evaluating the impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued, ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which amends the accounting guidance on leases. The new standard requires a lessee to recognize right-of-use assets and lease obligations on the balance sheet for most lease agreements. Leases are classified as either operating or finance, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the statement of operations. The FASB also subsequently issued amendments to the standard to provide additional practical expedients and an additional transition method option.

The Company adopted Topic 842 as of January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings (accumulated deficit) with no restatement of comparative periods. Upon adoption, the Company recognized $28.6 million of operating lease liabilities and $27.9 million of operating lease right-of-use assets. The adoption of Topic 842 did not result in a cumulative effect adjustment to accumulated deficit.

Topic 842 provides various optional practical expedients for transition. The Company elected to utilize the package of practical expedients for transition which permitted the Company to not reassess its prior conclusions regarding whether a contract is or contains a lease, lease classification and initial direct costs.

Topic 842 also provides optional practical expedients for an entity’s ongoing lease accounting. The Company elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify and the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components of leases.

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”). ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 on January 1, 2022. There was no impact to the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements.

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued guidance codified in Accounting Standards Update 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805) Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. Under new guidance, an acquirer is required to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted the guidance during the second quarter of 2022 with no material impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

2. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS

Fair Dealer Services, LLC

On May 11, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of certain automotive dealer marketplace assets and all of the issued and outstanding limited liability company interests of Fair Dealer Services, LLC (“Fair”), a Delaware limited liability company (collectively, the “Marketplace Assets”), from Fair Financial Corp., a Delaware corporation and Fair IP, LLC (“Fair IP”), a Delaware limited liability company, and (for limited purposes) Cayman Project 2 Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Cayman Islands (“SB LL Holdco”), pursuant to the terms of the Amended and Restated Purchase Agreement dated May 11, 2022. The Company purchased the Marketplace Assets in order to acquire software and other assets to enable the listing of inventory owned by third-party dealerships for sale on the Company’s ecommerce platform. The Company determined that the Marketplace Assets meet the definition of a business and the purchase is properly accounted for as a business combination.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company incurred $1.6 million and $3.2 million of transaction related costs, respectively, which are included in selling, general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

The consideration for the Marketplace Assets consisted of cash in the amount of $15.0 million (the “Cash Consideration”) and 2,066,978 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock (such shares being equal to 2.5% of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company’s Class A common stock as of immediately prior to the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Amended and Restated Purchase Agreement) (the “Stock Consideration”). The shares were issued and valued as of May 11, 2022 at a per share market closing price of $1.20.

The Company financed the acquisition of the Marketplace Assets through the issuance of the Senior Unsecured Notes to SB LL Holdco (See Note 7 - Borrowings). The stated interest rate on the Senior Unsecured Notes was determined to be below the market rate of interest, effectively providing a discount on the purchase price of the Marketplace Assets. Therefore, the Company recognized an imputed discount of $2.1 million on the Senior Unsecured Notes based on an estimated market rate of interest of 10.5%, and a corresponding reduction to the consideration transferred for the purchase of the Marketplace Assets.

The intangible assets acquired were recorded at their fair values as of the acquisition date. Management estimated the fair value of intangible assets in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance for business combinations and utilized the services of third-party valuation consultants. The initial allocation of the consideration transferred is based on a preliminary valuation and is subject to adjustments. Balances subject to adjustment primarily include the valuations of acquired assets and tax-related matters. During the measurement period, the Company may record adjustments to the provisional amounts recognized.


	Estimated Fair Value
Capitalized website and internal use software costs, net	$	12,500
Other intangible assets - Trade name	100
Other intangible assets - Dealer network	100
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	154
Goodwill	2,524
Total fair value of purchase price	$	15,378

Identifiable Intangible Assets

The Company acquired intangible assets that consisted primarily of developed software, which had an estimated fair value of $12.5 million, and which is included in capitalized website and internal use software costs, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company also acquired other intangible assets with a total estimated fair value of $0.2 million. The Cost to Recreate Method was used to value the acquired developed software asset. Management applied judgment in estimating the fair value of this intangible asset, which involved the use of significant assumptions such as the cost and time to build the acquired technology, developer’s profit and rate of return. The other intangible assets are included in other non-current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The Company will amortize the intangible assets on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of three years for the capitalized internal use software and trade name, and one year for the dealer network.

Goodwill

The goodwill represents the excess of consideration transferred over the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed and is attributable to the benefits expected from combining the Company’s expertise with Fair’s technology, resource base, and ability to effectively integrate the Marketplace Assets with the Company's existing ecommerce platform. This goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes.

Pro forma information

The unaudited pro forma results presented below include the effects of the Fair acquisition as if it had been consummated as of January 1, 2021, with adjustments to give effect to pro forma events that are directly attributable to the acquisition which includes adjustments related to the amortization of acquired intangible assets. The unaudited pro forma results do not reflect any operating efficiency or potential cost savings which may result from the integration of Fair. Accordingly, these unaudited pro forma results are presented for informational purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of what the actual results of operation of the combined company would have been if the acquisition had occurred as of January 1, 2021.


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenue	$	223,733	$	154,850	$	443,312	$	260,854
Loss from operations	(51,666)		(38,385)		(110,906)		(87,240)
Net loss and comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(54,651)	$	(37,102)	$	(116,849)	$	(85,171)
Net loss and comprehensive loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	(0.67)	$	(0.46)	$	(1.46)	$	(1.05)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	81,884,057		80,112,998		79,902,644		81,398,634

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

3. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of June 30, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
Equipment	$	10,224	$	8,753
Furniture and fixtures	339		252
Leasehold improvements	3,358		1,258
Total property and equipment	13,921		10,263
Less: accumulated depreciation	(3,790)		(2,323)
Property and equipment, net	$	10,131	$	7,940

Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was $0.9 million and $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Depreciation expense related to property and equipment was $1.5 million and $1.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Depreciation expense related to reconditioning facilities for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $0.5 million and $0.1 million, respectively. Depreciation expense related to reconditioning facilities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $0.8 million and $0.2 million, respectively. Depreciation expense related to reconditioning facilities is included in cost of sales with the remainder included in depreciation and amortization in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

CAPITALIZED WEBSITE AND INTERNAL-USE SOFTWARE COSTS, NET

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

CAPITALIZED WEBSITE AND INTERNAL-USE SOFTWARE COSTS, NET

4. CAPITALIZED WEBSITE AND INTERNAL-USE SOFTWARE COSTS, NET

Capitalized website and internal use software costs, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of June 30, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
Capitalized website domain costs – nonamortizable	$	385	$	385
Capitalized website and internal-use software development costs – amortizable	42,571		24,433
Less: accumulated amortization	(18,909)		(15,556)
Capitalized website and internal-use software development costs, net	$	24,047	$	9,262

Amortization of capitalized software development costs is included in depreciation and amortization in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Amortization of capitalized software development costs amounted to $2.1 million and $1.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Amortization of capitalized software development costs amounted to $3.5 million and $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

As of June 30, 2022, the remaining weighted-average amortization period for internal-use capitalized software intangible assets was approximately 2.5 years. The expected annual amortization expense to be recognized in future years as of June 30, 2022 consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of June 30, 2022
Remainder of 2022	$	5,102
2023	9,093
2024	7,213
2025	2,254
Thereafter	—
Total amortizable costs	$	23,662
Nonamortizable costs	385
Total capitalized website and internal-use software development costs	$	24,047

GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET	6 Months Ended
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET	Jun. 30, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET	5. GOODWILL On May 11, 2022 the Company acquired the Marketplace Assets for consideration totaling $15.4 million (See Note 2 - Business Combinations). The purchase price was allocated to tangible assets of $0.2 million and intangible assets of $12.7 million based on their fair values on the acquisition date. Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired. The excess of the purchase price over the amounts allocated to assets acquired was recorded to Goodwill, in the amount of $2.5 million, which is included in the retail segment. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested at least annually or more frequently when events or circumstances change that would, more likely than not, reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine if it is not more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. No impairment charges related to goodwill were recognized during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

6. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of June 30, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
Liability for vehicles acquired under OEM program	$	4,385	$	3,550
Accrued payroll related costs	6,515		15,890
Provision for DMV refunds	1,219		1,170
Accrued sales taxes	7,976		13,787
Common stock subject to repurchase liability, current	94		142
Interest payable	961		910
Provision for sales returns and cancellations	4,400		3,302
Other accrued expenses	4,460		5,193
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	30,010	$	43,944

In November 2019, the Company entered into an arrangement with an original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) to sell vehicles sourced locally through the trade-in program of the OEM on the Company’s platform. Under the terms of the arrangement, the Company has the option to provisionally accept any trade-ins based on information provided by the OEM. The Company transports any accepted vehicles to one of its inspection, reconditioning and storage centers where Shift inspects the vehicle and makes a final purchasing decision regarding the vehicle. Any rejected vehicles are sent to wholesale auction facilities at Shift’s expense, at which point Shift has no further obligations to the automaker for the rejected vehicle. The Company records inventory received under the arrangement with the OEM equal to the amount of the liability due to the OEM to acquire such vehicles. The liability due to the OEM provider for such acquired vehicles is equal to the OEM’s original acquisition price. The final price paid to the OEM upon sale of the vehicle includes an additional amount equal to 50% of the excess of the sales price over the original acquisition price.

Provision for sales returns and cancellations in the table above as of December 31, 2021 has been disaggregated to be shown separately from other accrued expenses to conform to the presentation as of June 30, 2022.

BORROWINGS	6 Months Ended
BORROWINGS	Jun. 30, 2022
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
BORROWINGS	7. BORROWINGS Senior Unsecured Notes On May 11, 2022, in connection with the Fair acquisition (See Note 2 - Business Combinations), the Company entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) by and between the Company, each of the Company’s subsidiaries party thereto as guarantors (each, a “Guarantor” and, collectively, the “Guarantors”), and SB LL Holdco, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“SB LL Holdco”). Pursuant to the Note Purchase Agreement and the terms and conditions set forth therein, the Company agreed to issue and sell, and SB LL Holdco agreed to purchase, 6.00% Senior Unsecured Notes due May 11, 2025 with a principal amount of $20.0 million (the “Senior Unsecured Notes”) in a private placement in reliance on an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). The Senior Unsecured Notes bear interest at a rate of 6.00% per annum and will mature on May 11, 2025. The Company may, at its option, prepay the Senior Unsecured Notes in their entirety (i) if prior to November 11, 2024, at 100% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to (but excluding) such date and a premium specified therein, or (ii) if on or after November 11, 2024, at 100% of the principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon to (but excluding) such date. The Senior Unsecured Notes are senior unsecured indebtedness of the Company. As of June 30, 2022, discounts and deferred borrowing costs related to the Senior Unsecured Notes totaled $2.6 million and $0.2 million, respectively, and are included as a reduction to long-term debt, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded $0.2 million of contractual interest expense and $0.1 million, respectively, of discount and deferred borrowing cost amortization to interest and other expense, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The estimated fair value of the Senior Unsecured Notes (Level 2) at June 30, 2022 was $16.1 million. Convertible Notes On May 27, 2021, the Company completed a private offering of its 4.75% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Notes”). The aggregate principal amount of the Notes sold in the offering was $150.0 million. The Notes are the Company’s senior unsecured obligations and will rank equally in right of payment with the Company’s future senior unsecured indebtedness, senior in right of payment to the Company’s future indebtedness that is expressly subordinated to the Notes and effectively subordinated to the Company’s future secured indebtedness, to the extent of the value of the collateral securing that indebtedness. The Notes accrue interest payable semi-annually in arrears at a rate of 4.75% per year. The Notes will mature on May 15, 2026, unless earlier converted, redeemed or repurchased by the Company. The Notes are convertible into shares of the Company’s Class A common stock at an initial conversion rate of 118.6556 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Notes (which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $8.43 per share of the Company’s Class A common stock). The initial conversion price represents a premium of approximately 27.50% over the last reported sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock on May 24, 2021, which was $6.61 per share. The conversion rate will be subject to adjustment upon the occurrence of certain events prior to the maturity date. The Company will increase the conversion rate on a sliding scale to up to a maximum of 151.2859 per $1,000 principal amount for a holder who elects to convert its notes in connection with certain corporate events or the Company’s delivery of a notice of redemption, as the case may be, in certain circumstances. Noteholders may convert their notes at their option only in the following circumstances: 1.during any calendar quarter commencing after the calendar quarter ending on June 30, 2021, if the last reported sale price per share of our Class A common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price for each of at least 20 trading days during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter; 2.during the 5 consecutive business days immediately after any 10 consecutive trading day period (such 10 consecutive trading day period, the “measurement period”) in which the trading price per $1,000 principal amount of notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price per share of our Class A common stock on such trading day and the conversion rate on such trading day; 3.upon the occurrence of certain corporate events or distributions on our Class A common stock; 4.if we call such notes for redemption; and 5.at any time from, and including, November 15, 2025 until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately before the maturity date. Conversions of the Notes will be settled in cash, shares of the Company's Class A common stock or a combination thereof, at the Company's election. The Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part (subject to a partial redemption limitation), at the Company’s option at any time, and from time to time, on or after May 20, 2024 and on or before the 40th scheduled trading day immediately before the Maturity Date, at a cash redemption price equal to the principal amount of the Notes to be redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date, but only if (i) the last reported sale price per share of the Company’s Class A common stock exceeds 130% of the conversion price on (1) each of at least 20 trading days, whether or not consecutive, during the 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends the related redemption notice; and (2) the trading day immediately before the date the Company sends such notice; and (ii) a registration statement covering the resale of the shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, if any, issuable upon conversion of the Notes in connection with such optional redemption is effective and available for use and is expected, as of the date the redemption notice is sent, to remain effective and available during the period from, and including the date the redemption notice is sent to, and including, the business day immediately before the related redemption date, unless the Company elects cash settlement in respect of the conversions in connection with such optional redemption. In addition, calling any Note for redemption will constitute a make-whole fundamental change with respect to that Note, in which case the conversion rate applicable to the conversion of that Note will be increased in certain circumstances if it is converted after it is called for redemption and on or prior to the business day immediately before the related redemption date. If the Company elects to redeem less than all of the outstanding Notes, at least $50.0 million aggregate principal amount of Notes must be outstanding and not subject to redemption as of the date the Company sends the related redemption notice. Unamortized deferred borrowing costs at June 30, 2022 were $5.1 million, and are included as a reduction to long-term debt, net on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded $1.8 million of contractual interest expense and $0.3 million of deferred borrowing cost amortization, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded $3.6 million of contractual interest expense and $0.6 million, respectively, of deferred borrowing cost amortization to interest and other expense, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded $0.7 million of contractual interest expense and $0.1 million, respectively, of deferred borrowing cost amortization to interest and other expense, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The effective interest rate of the Notes is 5.73%. The estimated fair value of the Notes (Level 2) at June 30, 2022 was $41.8 million. The Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the sale of the notes to pay the cost of the capped call transactions (see Note 8 - Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)), and is using the remaining proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes. Ally Flooring Line of Credit On December 9, 2021, the Company entered into a $100.0 million flooring line of credit facility with Ally Bank to finance its used vehicle inventory (the “Ally FLOC”), which is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets. Borrowings under the Ally FLOC bear interest at the Prime Rate (as defined in the agreement) plus 1.50%. As of June 30, 2022, the weighted average interest rate on borrowings outstanding under the Ally FLOC was 6.25%. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had an outstanding balance under the facility of $93.8 million and $6.2 million of unused capacity. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had an outstanding balance under the facility of $83.3 million and $16.7 million in unused capacity. Under the Ally FLOC, repayment of amounts drawn for the purchase of a vehicle should generally be made as soon as practicable after selling or otherwise disposing of the vehicles. Outstanding balances related to vehicles held in inventory for more than 180 days require monthly principal payments equal to 10% of the original principal amount of that vehicle until the remaining outstanding balance is 50% (or less) of the original principal balance. Prepayments may be made without incurring a premium or penalty. Additionally, the Company is permitted to make prepayments to the lender to be held as principal payments and subsequently reborrow such amounts. The Ally FLOC requires the Company to maintain unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of not less than 20% of the total credit line, and to maintain an additional restricted cash balance equal to 10% of the total credit line. Additionally, the Ally FLOC requires the company to maintain at least 10% equity in the Company’s total inventory balance. As of June 30, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all covenants related to the Ally FLOC. Additionally, the Company is required to pay an availability fee each calendar quarter if the average outstanding balance for such quarter is less than 50% of the average total credit line for such quarter. The Company was required to pay an upfront commitment fee upon execution of the Ally FLOC. US Bank Flooring Line of Credit On October 11, 2018, the Company entered into a flooring line of credit facility (“FLOC”) with U.S. Bank National Association (“US Bank”), with the proceeds from such arrangement available to finance the purchase of vehicles. The FLOC initially allowed for a $30.0 million commitment of advances, whereby the Company may borrow, prepay, repay and reborrow the advances. Advances were able to be prepaid in part or in full at any time without charge, penalty or premium. Advances under the facility accrued interest at LIBOR plus 2.00%. The obligations under the facility were secured by substantially all of the Company’s inventory, both currently owned or acquired thereafter. Repayment of obligations under the facility were guaranteed by Lithia. Refer to Note 10 - Related Party Transactions for further details regarding the guarantee of the flooring line of credit, the commercial agreement and the warrants. Subsequent amendments extended the expiration date to October 11, 2021 and increased the amount available under the FLOC to $50.0 million. The amendments also required the Company to pay a fee of 0.40% per annum on unused availability under the FLOC, and reduced the Liquidity Covenant to one times the three-month cash burn amount. The FLOC was subject to customary subjective acceleration clauses, effective upon a material adverse change in the Company’s business or financial condition, or a material impairment in the Company’s ability to repay the borrowing. The FLOC expired on October 11, 2021 and was repaid in full

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208564

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (h)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(c))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (g)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1C
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495334-112611

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1E
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495348-112611

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1I
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495371-112611

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 20
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1B
-Subparagraph (i)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=123466505&loc=SL123495323-112611

+ Details

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)	6 Months Ended
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)	Jun. 30, 2022
Equity [Abstract]
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)	8. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT) Capped Call Transactions On May 27, 2021, in connection with the issuance of the Notes (see Note 7 - Borrowings), the Company consummated privately negotiated capped call transactions (the “Capped Call Transactions”) with certain of the initial purchasers, their respective affiliates and other counterparties (the "Capped Call Counterparties"). The Capped Call Transactions initially cover, subject to anti-dilution adjustments substantially similar to those applicable to the Notes, the number of the Company’s Class A common shares underlying the Notes. The Capped Call Transactions are expected generally to reduce the potential dilution to holders of the Company’s Class A common stock upon conversion of the Notes and/or offset the potential cash payments that the Company could be required to make in excess of the principal amount of any converted Notes upon conversion thereof, with such reduction and/or offset subject to a cap. The Capped Call Transactions are settled from time to time upon the conversion of the Notes, with a final expiration date of May 15, 2026. The Capped Call Transactions are settled in the same proportion of cash and stock as the converted Notes. The proportion of cash and stock used to settle the Notes is at the discretion of the Company. The cap price of the Capped Call Transactions was initially approximately $14.8725 per share, which represents a premium of approximately 125% above the last reported sale price per share of Class A common stock on NASDAQ on May 24, 2021, and is subject to certain adjustments under the terms of the Capped Call Transactions. The Capped Call Transactions are separate transactions entered into by the Company with the Capped Call Counterparties, are not part of the terms of the Notes and will not change any holder’s rights under the Notes. Holders of the Notes will not have any rights with respect to the Capped Call Transactions. The Company used approximately $28.4 million of the net proceeds from the offering of the Notes to pay the cost of the Capped Call Transactions. The Capped Call Transactions do not meet the criteria for separate accounting as a derivative as they are indexed to the Company's stock. The premiums paid for the Capped Call Transactions have been included as a net reduction to additional paid-in capital on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The settlement amount of the Capped Call Transactions at June 30, 2022 was zero. The settlement amount shall be greater than zero if the volume weighted average price ("VWAP") of the Company's Class A common stock is above $8.43 at any time over the 40 consecutive trading days immediately prior to settlement. At-the-Market Offering On May 6, 2022, the Company entered into a Controlled Equity OfferingSM Sales Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”), with Cantor Fitzgerald & Co. (the “Agent”), pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, at its option, shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, having an aggregate offering price of up to $150.0 million (the “Placement Shares”), through the Agent, as its sales agent, from time to time at prevailing market prices in an “at-the-market offering” within the meaning of Rule 415 of the Securities Act, including sales made to the public directly on or through the Nasdaq Capital Market and any other trading market for shares of our Class A common stock (the “Offering”). Under the Sales Agreement, the Company may from time to time deliver placement notices to the Agent designating the number of Placement Shares and the minimum price per share thereof to be offered. However, subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, the Agent is not required to sell any specific number or dollar amount of Placement Shares but will act as Agent using their commercially reasonable efforts consistent with their normal trading and sales practices and applicable state and federal laws, rules and regulations and the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market. The Company or the Agent may suspend the offering of Placement Shares by notifying the other party. The Offering will terminate after the sale of all of the Placement Shares subject to the Sales Agreement, or sooner in accordance with the Sales Agreement, upon proper notice by us and/or the Agents or by mutual agreement. The Company will pay the Agent a commission of up to 3.0% of the gross sales price of the shares of the Placement Shares sold under the Sales Agreement. As of June 30, 2022, the Company had not sold any shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2208762

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (c)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496171-112644

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496171-112644

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120397183&loc=d3e187085-122770

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496189-112644

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (g)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496189-112644

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496171-112644

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 18
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496189-112644

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 16
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496180-112644

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (i)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126973232&loc=SL123496158-112644

Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)(1))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 815
-SubTopic 40
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126731327&loc=SL126733271-114008

+ Details

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

9. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

The Company’s 2014 Stock Option Plan (the “2014 Plan”) provides for the grant of restricted stock awards and incentive and non-qualified options and to purchase Class A common stock to officers, employees, directors, and consultants. Options granted to employees and non-employees generally vest ratably over four to five years, with a maximum contractual term of ten years. Outstanding awards under the 2014 Plan continue to be subject to the terms and conditions of the 2014 Plan. The number of shares authorized for issuance under the 2014 Plan was reduced to the number of shares subject to awards outstanding under the 2014 Plan immediately after the Merger. As a result, no further awards will be made under the 2014 Plan. Shares reserved for awards that are subsequently expired or forfeited will no longer be returned to the pool of shares authorized for issuance under the 2014 Plan.

Each Legacy Shift option from the 2014 Plan that was outstanding immediately prior to the Merger, whether vested or unvested, was converted into an option to purchase a number of shares of post-Merger Class A common stock (each such option, a "Converted Option") equal to the product (rounded down to the nearest whole number) of (i) the number of shares of Legacy Shift common stock subject to such Legacy Shift option immediately prior to the Merger and (ii) the equity award exchange ratio. The per share exercise price for each share of post-Merger Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Converted Option is equal to the exercise price per Legacy Shift share of each Legacy Shift option immediately before the Merger, with certain adjustments necessary to preserve ISO classification of awards for income tax purposes. The mechanism of conversion resulted in the fair value of each Converted Option award equaling the fair value of the corresponding Legacy Shift option award immediately prior to the consummation of the Merger. Except as specifically provided in the Merger Agreement, following the Merger, each Converted Option continues to be governed by the same terms and conditions (including vesting and exercisability terms) as were applicable to the corresponding former Legacy Shift option immediately prior to the consummation of the Merger. All stock option activity was retroactively restated to reflect the Converted Options. No stock options were granted during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.

At the Company's special meeting of stockholders held on October 13, 2020, the stockholders approved the 2020 Omnibus Equity Compensation Plan (the "2020 Plan"). The 2020 Plan provides for the grant of incentive and non-qualified stock option, restricted stock units ("RSUs"), restricted share awards, stock appreciation awards, and cash-based awards to employees, directors, and consultants of the Company. Awards under the 2020 Plan expire no more than ten years from the date of grant. The 2020 Plan became effective immediately upon the closing of the Merger.

In June 2022, the Company's Compensation Committee adopted the 2022 Employment Inducement Plan and granted at total of 461,650 inducement RSU awards to form Fair employees joining the Company following the acquisition of the Marketplace Assets (see Note 2 - Business Combinations). The grants of restricted stock units were promised to each of the employees in their employment agreements or offer letters with the Company as a material inducement to employment in accordance with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c)(4). All awards will vest subject to continued employment and vest on May 20, 2023.

Activity related to employee and non-employee stock options issued under the 2014 Plan is set forth below:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000’s)
As of December 31, 2021	1,597,793	$	1.59	7.47	$	3,574
Granted	—	—
Exercised	(12,309)	0.22
Forfeited	(41,522)	4.07
Cancelled (expired)	(51,990)	3.60
As of June 30, 2022	1,491,972	$	1.46	6.90	$	411
Exercisable as of June 30, 2022	1,491,972	$	1.46	6.90	$	411

Activity related to employee and non-employee RSU awards issued under the 2020 Plan and the 2022 Employment Inducement Plan is set forth below:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000’s)
Unvested as of December 31, 2021	9,733,977	$	6.14	2.21	$	33,193
Granted	3,688,452	1.87
Vested	(1,549,763)	7.49
Forfeited	(3,192,284)	7.60
Unvested as of June 30, 2022	8,680,382	$	4.29	1.26	$	5,843
Vested and unreleased	207,699
Outstanding as of June 30, 2022	8,888,081

Unvested RSUs as of June 30, 2022 include 1,021,544 RSUs that vest if the closing price of the Company's Class A common stock exceeds thresholds ranging from $23 to $28 during the two year period following the second anniversary of the later of the closing of the Merger or the grantee's date of hire. The grant date fair values of awards with market-based vesting conditions were determined using a Monte Carlo valuation model, which requires significant estimates including the expected volatility of our Class A common stock.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

For the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense to selling, general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss of $4.9 million and $5.4 million, respectively. In addition, the Company capitalized stock-based compensation costs for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 of $0.3 million and $0.2 million, respectively, to capitalized website and internal use software costs, net.

For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded stock-based compensation expense to selling, general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss of $9.1 million and $13.6 million, respectively. In addition, the Company capitalized stock-based compensation costs for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 of $0.7 million and $0.4 million, respectively, to capitalized website and internal use software costs, net.

As of June 30, 2022, there was $30.7 million of unrecognized stock-based compensation expense that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.13 years.

Common Stock Subject to Repurchase Related to Early Exercised Options

The Company typically allows employees to exercise options prior to vesting. Upon termination of service of an employee, the Company has the right to repurchase at the original purchase price any non-vested but issued common shares. Such an exercise is not substantive for accounting purposes. The consideration received for an exercise of an option is considered to be a deposit of the exercise price, and the related dollar amount is recorded as a liability. The liability is reclassified to additional paid in capital as the award vests.

As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company has recorded a liability of $0.1 million and $0.2 million relating to 32,360 and 59,639 options that were exercised but not vested, respectively.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS	6 Months Ended
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS	Jun. 30, 2022
Related Party Transactions [Abstract]
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS	10. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Sales with Related Party The Company operates a one-sided marketplace (“OSM”) program whereby the Company acquires cars from various sources in Oxnard, California and sells them directly and solely to Lithia. The Company invoices Lithia based on the purchase price of the car plus an agreed upon margin. During the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized zero and $4.6 million, respectively, of sales from the OSM agreement with Lithia. During the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized approximately $4.7 million and $6.9 million, respectively, of sales from the OSM agreement with Lithia. The OSM program was terminated in the second quarter of 2022 with the last sale to Lithia being in March 2022. Accounts Receivable from Related Party As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had $0.2 million and $2.1 million in outstanding accounts receivable from Lithia, which is comprised of $0.1 million and $2.0 million, respectively, in vehicle sales and $25 thousand and $77 thousand, respectively, in commissions based on the number of loan contracts booked with US bank. The Company operates under Lithia’s master agreement with US Bank where the collections pass through Lithia. Warrant and Commercial Agreements In September 2018, the Company entered into a warrant agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”) and a commercial agreement for Milestone 1 with Lithia and granted Lithia a warrant to purchase 86,661,588 shares of Legacy Shift common stock at an exercise price of $0.01 per share (the “Warrant Shares”). The Warrant Shares were scheduled to vest and become exercisable in six separate tranches of 14,443,598 shares each. Vesting and exercisability was dependent upon the achievement of the Milestones, as defined below. While the Warrant Agreement establishes general vesting terms for each of the six Milestones, each of the six Milestones contains substantive service or performance requirements, and were non-binding as neither the Company nor Lithia were obligated to perform until the commercial agreement associated with each Milestone was executed. All Warrant Shares became vested prior to the Vesting Termination Date and were exercised prior to the Merger. In connection with the negotiations related to Milestone 5, Lithia facilitated an agreement with Automotive Warranty Services (“AWS”) to sell and market AWS’s service plans, whereby the Company receives commission rates from AWS of comparable terms to those received by Lithia. In substance the Company paid Lithia, in the form of Warrant Shares, to make an upfront payment to Company’s customers on behalf of the Company as the Company achieved favorable pricing from AWS. The benefits of this agreement were guaranteed by Lithia for an initial term of five years commencing on the signing date of the agreement. Such arrangement was the first of a number of agreements to be entered into under the terms of Milestone 5, see further discussion below. The estimated fair value of the in substance upfront payment to AWS was $2.8 million with an offsetting entry recorded to additional paid-in capital, representing a capital transaction with a related party. Milestone 5 was met in October 2019 and the Company recorded the warrants to additional paid-in capital based on a fair value of $4.3 million. Milestone 5 was achieved after a mutual signed agreement was entered into evidencing that Lithia provided commercially best efforts to help the Company secure and maintain access to four finance and insurance products on par with a typical Lithia store. The fair value of the in substance upfront payment, other than the $2.8 million for AWS discussed above, was $0.4 million and was recorded to other non-current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The combined asset recorded of $3.2 million is subject to amortization over a five-year period expected period of benefit. During both of the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company amortized $0.2 million and during both of the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 the Company amortized $0.3 million of the asset as a reduction to finance and insurance sales, which is recorded within other revenue, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the remaining asset, net of amortization, was $0.9 million and $1.2 million, respectively. Lease Agreements On November 1, 2018 and July 10, 2019, pursuant to Milestone 3 and 4, the Company and Lithia, entered into license and services agreements that govern the Company’s access to and utilization of reconditioning, offices and parking spaces at the Concord and Portland facilities of Lithia, respectively. Both agreements expired on October 12, 2021. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, total costs related to these agreements were $50 thousand and $100 thousand, respectively. The lease costs were expensed to selling, general and administrative expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Flooring Line of Credit Guarantee In February 2019, the Company entered into a guarantee agreement with Lithia. The interest rate was 1.50% per annum based on a daily outstanding flooring line of credit and was payable monthly to Lithia. For the three months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded $5 thousand of interest and $0.8 million of deferred borrowing cost amortization to interest and other expense, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company recorded $36 thousand of interest and $1.6 million of deferred borrowing cost amortization to interest and other expense, net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. The guarantee expired coterminously with the FLOC on October 11, 2021. Accounts Payable Due to Related Party As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 payables and accruals to Lithia consisted of other miscellaneous expenses of $0.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively.

LEASES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

LEASES

11. LEASES

The Company is a tenant under various operating leases with third parties, including leases of office facilities and vehicle inspection, reconditioning and storage locations.

The Company assesses whether each lease is an operating or finance lease at the lease commencement date. The Company does not have any material leases, individually or in the aggregate, classified as a finance leasing arrangement.

The Company’s real estate leases often require it to make payments for maintenance in addition to rent as well as payments for real estate taxes and insurance. Maintenance, real estate taxes, and insurance payments are generally variable costs which are based on actual expenses incurred by the lessor. Therefore, these amounts are not included in the consideration of the contract when determining the right-of-use asset and lease liability but are reflected as variable lease expenses in the period incurred.

Leases with an initial term of 12 months or less are not recorded on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets and expense for these leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

As the rate implicit in the lease is generally not readily determinable for the Company’s operating leases, the discount rates used to determine the present value of the Company’s lease liabilities are based on the Company’s incremental borrowing rate at the lease commencement date and commensurate with the remaining lease term. The incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest the Company would have to pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term for an amount equal to the lease payments in a similar economic environment. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments.

The Company’s lease costs and activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022		Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Lease cost
Operating lease cost	$	5,224	$	7,386
Short-term lease cost	253		1,085
Variable lease cost	191		376
Total lease cost	$	5,668	$	8,847

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	2,010	$	3,935

Weighted average remaining lease term - operating leases (in years)			5.66
Weighted average discount rate - operating leases			7.36		%

Operating leases liabilities by maturity date from June 30, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


Year ended December 31,	Operating Leases
2022	$	5,023
2023	9,812
2024	7,952
2025	7,145
2026	7,059
Thereafter	14,742
Total minimum lease payments	$	51,733
Less: Imputed interest	10,257
Total lease liabilities	$	41,477

As of June 30, 2022, the total minimum lease payments presented above excludes approximately $4.6 million of minimum lease payments for leases of vehicle storage and reconditioning facilities executed but not yet commenced.

Rent expense for operating leases during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 was $2.2 million and $4.0 million, respectively.

Facility Closure

During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company discontinued plans to open additional hub facilities and ceased using certain real estate leaseholds acquired in anticipation thereof. The Company determined that the facility closures should be accounted for under the abandonment model because the short length of the remaining terms of the impacted leases is likely to interfere with the Company's ability to sublease the properties before the end of the lease terms. For the each of the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recognized additional rent expense of $1.8 million included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss related to the closures.

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	6 Months Ended
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	Jun. 30, 2022
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES	12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Litigation The Company may be subject to legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of business. Other than the matter discussed below, Management is not currently aware of any matters that will have a material effect on the financial position, results of operations, or cash flows of the Company. On May 7, 2021, we were named in a lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York (Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Inc. v. Shift Technologies, Inc. 21-cv-04135) by a former financial advisor, Stifel, Nicolaus & Company, Inc. (“Stifel”), claiming that we are required to pay the former financial advisor certain compensation as a result of the Merger. In addition, the complaint seeks punitive damages as a result of alleged unjust enrichment for the amount of the benefits allegedly conferred on Shift by Stifel. The Company believes it has meritorious defenses against the claim, and the probable incurred losses related to the claim are immaterial as of June 30, 2022. Based on such information as is available to us, the range of additional reasonably possible losses related to the claim does not exceed $4.0 million, excluding any punitive damages which the Company cannot currently estimate. The Company believes the claim is without merit and intends to defend itself vigorously; however, there can be no assurances that the Company will be successful in its defense.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for loss and gain contingencies. Describes any existing condition, situation, or set of circumstances involving uncertainty as of the balance sheet date (or prior to issuance of the financial statements) as to a probable or reasonably possible loss incurred by an entity that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur, and typically discloses the amount of loss recorded or a range of possible loss, or an assertion that no reasonable estimate can be made.

+ References + Details

SEGMENT INFORMATION

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

SEGMENT INFORMATION

13. SEGMENT INFORMATION

No operating segments have been aggregated to form the reportable segments. The Company determined its operating segments based on how the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) or decision-making group reviews the Company’s operating results in assessing performance and allocating resources. The CODM is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM reviews revenue and gross profit for each of the reportable segments. Gross profit is defined as revenue less cost of sales incurred by the segment. The CODM does not evaluate operating segments using asset information as these are managed on an enterprise wide group basis. Accordingly, the Company does not report segment asset information. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not have sales to customers outside the United States. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company did not have any assets located outside of the United States.

Information about the Company’s reportable segments are as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenue from external customers
Retail	$	204,201	$	134,763	$	395,993	$	227,736
Wholesale	19,532		20,087		47,319		33,118
Consolidated	$	223,733	$	154,850	$	443,312	$	260,854
Segment gross profit (loss)
Retail	$	12,506	$	15,978	$	23,433	$	23,215
Wholesale	(628)		353		(768)		481
Consolidated	$	11,878	$	16,331	$	22,665	$	23,696

The reconciliation between reportable segment gross profit to net loss and comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders is as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Segment gross profit	$	11,878	$	16,331	$	22,665	$	23,696
Selling, general and administrative expenses	(58,744)		(48,143)		(122,281)		(98,378)
Depreciation and amortization	(2,459)		(1,561)		(4,139)		(2,662)
Change in fair value of financial instruments	—		3,470		—		5,624
Interest and other expense, net	(2,846)		(1,758)		(5,424)		(2,696)
Net loss before income taxes	$	(52,171)	$	(31,661)	$	(109,179)	$	(74,416)

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 31
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8924-108599

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 34
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8981-108599

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8721-108599

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 40
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9031-108599

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (f)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (e)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 26
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8844-108599

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 41
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9038-108599

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 32
-Subparagraph (d)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8933-108599

Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 22
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8736-108599

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 42
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e9054-108599

Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 15
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8657-108599

Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=126901519&loc=d3e8721-108599

Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 280
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2134510

+ Details

NET LOSS PER SHARE

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

NET LOSS PER SHARE

14. NET LOSS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of net loss and comprehensive loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted:


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net loss and comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(52,198)	$	(31,661)	$	(109,247)	$	(74,416)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	80,952,782		78,046,020		79,902,644		78,000,870
Net loss and comprehensive loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	(0.64)	$	(0.41)	$	(1.37)	$	(0.95)

The following potentially dilutive shares were not included in the calculation of diluted shares outstanding for the periods presented as the effect would have been anti-dilutive:


	As of June 30,
	2022	2021
Escrow Shares	3,000,109	6,000,218
Convertible Notes	17,798,340	17,798,340
Stock options	1,491,972	1,889,585
Restricted stock units	8,888,081	8,051,322
Contingently repurchasable early exercise shares	32,360	100,893
Total	31,210,862	33,840,358

INCOME TAXES	6 Months Ended
INCOME TAXES	Jun. 30, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
INCOME TAXES	15. INCOME TAXESThe Company recorded a provision for income taxes of $27 thousand and zero during the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and recorded $68 thousand and zero during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance for its net U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 21
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32857-109319

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330215-122817

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 17
-Subparagraph (b)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32809-109319

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.5.Q1)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330036-122817

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32705-109319

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 270
-Section 50
-Paragraph 1
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424409&loc=d3e44925-109338

Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144680

Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 30
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424122&loc=d3e41874-109331

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Publisher FASB
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Topic 235
-SubTopic 10
-Section S99
-Paragraph 1
-Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690

+ Details

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS	6 Months Ended
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS	Jun. 30, 2022
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS	16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS Project Focus Restructuring Plan On July 22, 2022, the Company's Board of Directors approved the implementation of Project Focus, a restructuring plan designed to position the Company for long-term profitable growth by prioritizing unit economics, reducing operating expenses and maximizing liquidity (“Project Focus”). In connection with the implementation of the Project Focus, we expect to incur total cash charges of approximately $2.4 million, consisting primarily of severance and other related personnel reduction costs. Additionally, we expect to recognize approximately $11.5 million to $14.5 million of non-cash lease impairment and other charges related to closing physical locations in the third and fourth fiscal quarters of 2022. The charges that the Company expects to incur are subject to a number of assumptions, and actual expenses may differ materially from the estimates disclosed above. CEO Transition On August 9, 2022, the Company announced that Jeffrey Clementz will succeed George Arison, our founder, as the Company's Chief Executive Officer. Mr. Arison will continue to serve in his capacity as Chairman of the Board. Mr. Clementz previously served as our President since September 2021. The Company has entered into a new employment agreement with Mr. Clementz in connection with his appointment as Chief Executive Officer. CarLotz Merger In August 2022, the Company announced the Agreement and Plan of Merger between the Company and CarLotz, Inc. (the “CarLotz Merger”). The Carlotz Merger is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2022, contingent upon the resolution of certain conditions to closing. At closing, each outstanding share of CarLotz Class A common stock will be converted into the right to receive a number of shares of Shift common stock as determined by the Exchange Ratio. The “Exchange Ratio” will be adjusted, immediately prior to closing, to a ratio equal to (i) the product of (A) the number of issued and outstanding shares of Shift common stock immediately prior to the closing and (B) 99.99%, divided by (ii) the number of shares of CarLotz common stock outstanding immediately prior to the closing expressed on a fully-diluted and as-converted to CarLotz common stock basis. The determination of the Exchange Ratio is subject to additional terms and conditions set forth in the Agreement and Plan of Merger.

DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)	6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Basis of Presentation Our unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. In the opinion of management, the interim condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for fair financial statement presentation. The interim condensed consolidated balance sheets as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the interim condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, condensed consolidated statements of stockholders' equity (deficit) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, and amounts relating to the interim periods included in the accompanying notes to the interim condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited. The unaudited interim financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements contained in the Company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, and in management’s opinion, reflect all adjustments, which are normal and recurring in nature, necessary for the fair financial statement presentation of the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2022, and its results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 and cash flows for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. The results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the fiscal year or any other periods. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and related notes for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on March 16, 2022.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions, including those related to the valuation of vehicle inventory, capitalized website and internal-use software development costs, fair value of common stock, financial instruments, convertible debt, stock-based compensation and income taxes. The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely impacted the global economy, as well as the Company’s operations, and the extent and duration of the impacts remain unclear. The Company’s future estimates, including, but not limited to, the inventory valuations, and fair value measurements, may be impacted and continue to evolve as conditions change as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ materially from those estimates.
Fair Value Measurements	Fair Value Measurements Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The authoritative guidance on fair value measurements establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements as follows: Level 1 — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 — Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires management to make judgments and consider factors specific to the asset or liability.
Business Combinations	Business Combinations The Company uses the acquisition method of accounting under ASC 805, Business Combinations. Each acquired company’s operating results are included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements starting on the acquisition date. The purchase price is equivalent to the fair value of consideration transferred. Tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date are recorded at the acquisition date fair value. Goodwill is recognized for the excess of purchase price over the net fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Amounts allocated to assets and liabilities are based upon fair values. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to the identifiable intangible assets. Management makes estimates of fair value based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable and that of a market participant. These estimates are based on available historical information as well as future expectations, and the estimates are inherently uncertain. The separately identifiable intangible assets generally include customer relationships, acquired technology, backlog, trade names, and non-compete agreements.
Goodwill	Goodwill Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but rather tested for impairment annually in the fourth fiscal quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment may exist. Goodwill impairment is recognized when the quantitative assessment results in the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeding its fair value, in which case an impairment charge is recorded to goodwill to the extent the carrying value exceeds the fair value, limited to the amount of goodwill. The Company did not recognize any impairment of goodwill for all periods presented.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards	Recently Issued Accounting Standards In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, and subsequent related ASUs, which amends the guidance on the impairment of financial instruments by requiring measurement and recognition of expected credit losses for financial assets held. This ASU is effective for public and private companies’ fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019, and December 15, 2022, respectively. The Company expects to adopt ASU 2016-13 under the private company transition guidance beginning January 1, 2023, and is currently evaluating the impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In February 2016, the FASB issued, ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which amends the accounting guidance on leases. The new standard requires a lessee to recognize right-of-use assets and lease obligations on the balance sheet for most lease agreements. Leases are classified as either operating or finance, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the statement of operations. The FASB also subsequently issued amendments to the standard to provide additional practical expedients and an additional transition method option. The Company adopted Topic 842 as of January 1, 2022 using the modified retrospective approach with a cumulative-effect adjustment to opening retained earnings (accumulated deficit) with no restatement of comparative periods. Upon adoption, the Company recognized $28.6 million of operating lease liabilities and $27.9 million of operating lease right-of-use assets. The adoption of Topic 842 did not result in a cumulative effect adjustment to accumulated deficit. Topic 842 provides various optional practical expedients for transition. The Company elected to utilize the package of practical expedients for transition which permitted the Company to not reassess its prior conclusions regarding whether a contract is or contains a lease, lease classification and initial direct costs. Topic 842 also provides optional practical expedients for an entity’s ongoing lease accounting. The Company elected the short-term lease recognition exemption for all leases that qualify and the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components of leases. In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”). ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 on January 1, 2022. There was no impact to the Company's condensed consolidated financial statements. In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued guidance codified in Accounting Standards Update 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805) Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. Under new guidance, an acquirer is required to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted the guidance during the second quarter of 2022 with no material impact to the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Changes in the Fair Value of Level 3 Financial Instruments

The table below illustrates the changes in the fair value of the Company’s Level 3 financial instruments liability:


(in thousands)	2021
Balance as of January 1,	$	25,230
Remeasurement of Escrow Shares liability	(5,624)
Balance as of June 30,	$	19,606

BUSINESS COMBINATIONS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Business Combination and Asset Acquisition [Abstract]

Schedule of Business Acquisitions, by Acquisition

During the measurement period, the Company may record adjustments to the provisional amounts recognized.


	Estimated Fair Value
Capitalized website and internal use software costs, net	$	12,500
Other intangible assets - Trade name	100
Other intangible assets - Dealer network	100
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	154
Goodwill	2,524
Total fair value of purchase price	$	15,378

Business Acquisition, Pro Forma Information


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenue	$	223,733	$	154,850	$	443,312	$	260,854
Loss from operations	(51,666)		(38,385)		(110,906)		(87,240)
Net loss and comprehensive loss attributable to common stockholders	$	(54,651)	$	(37,102)	$	(116,849)	$	(85,171)
Net loss and comprehensive loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	$	(0.67)	$	(0.46)	$	(1.46)	$	(1.05)
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding used to compute net loss per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted	81,884,057		80,112,998		79,902,644		81,398,634

PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of June 30, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
Equipment	$	10,224	$	8,753
Furniture and fixtures	339		252
Leasehold improvements	3,358		1,258
Total property and equipment	13,921		10,263
Less: accumulated depreciation	(3,790)		(2,323)
Property and equipment, net	$	10,131	$	7,940

CAPITALIZED WEBSITE AND INTERNAL-USE SOFTWARE COSTS, NET (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Capitalized Website and Internal-Use Software Development Costs

Capitalized website and internal use software costs, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of June 30, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
Capitalized website domain costs – nonamortizable	$	385	$	385
Capitalized website and internal-use software development costs – amortizable	42,571		24,433
Less: accumulated amortization	(18,909)		(15,556)
Capitalized website and internal-use software development costs, net	$	24,047	$	9,262

Capitalized Website and Internal-Use Software Development Costs

Capitalized website and internal use software costs, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of June 30, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
Capitalized website domain costs – nonamortizable	$	385	$	385
Capitalized website and internal-use software development costs – amortizable	42,571		24,433
Less: accumulated amortization	(18,909)		(15,556)
Capitalized website and internal-use software development costs, net	$	24,047	$	9,262

Schedule of Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Future Amortization Expense

The expected annual amortization expense to be recognized in future years as of June 30, 2022 consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of June 30, 2022
Remainder of 2022	$	5,102
2023	9,093
2024	7,213
2025	2,254
Thereafter	—
Total amortizable costs	$	23,662
Nonamortizable costs	385
Total capitalized website and internal-use software development costs	$	24,047

ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Payables and Accruals [Abstract]

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of June 30, 2022		As of December 31, 2021
Liability for vehicles acquired under OEM program	$	4,385	$	3,550
Accrued payroll related costs	6,515		15,890
Provision for DMV refunds	1,219		1,170
Accrued sales taxes	7,976		13,787
Common stock subject to repurchase liability, current	94		142
Interest payable	961		910
Provision for sales returns and cancellations	4,400		3,302
Other accrued expenses	4,460		5,193
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	30,010	$	43,944

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Employee and Non-Employee Stock Option Activity

Activity related to employee and non-employee stock options issued under the 2014 Plan is set forth below:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000’s)
As of December 31, 2021	1,597,793	$	1.59	7.47	$	3,574
Granted	—	—
Exercised	(12,309)	0.22
Forfeited	(41,522)	4.07
Cancelled (expired)	(51,990)	3.60
As of June 30, 2022	1,491,972	$	1.46	6.90	$	411
Exercisable as of June 30, 2022	1,491,972	$	1.46	6.90	$	411

Employee and Non-Employee Restricted Stock Unit Activity

Activity related to employee and non-employee RSU awards issued under the 2020 Plan and the 2022 Employment Inducement Plan is set forth below:


	Number of Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value (000’s)
Unvested as of December 31, 2021	9,733,977	$	6.14	2.21	$	33,193
Granted	3,688,452	1.87
Vested	(1,549,763)	7.49
Forfeited	(3,192,284)	7.60
Unvested as of June 30, 2022	8,680,382	$	4.29	1.26	$	5,843
Vested and unreleased	207,699
Outstanding as of June 30, 2022	8,888,081

LEASES (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Leases [Abstract]

Lease Costs and Activity

The Company’s lease costs and activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30, 2022		Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Lease cost
Operating lease cost	$	5,224	$	7,386
Short-term lease cost	253		1,085
Variable lease cost	191		376
Total lease cost	$	5,668	$	8,847

Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities
Operating cash flows from operating leases	$	2,010	$	3,935

Weighted average remaining lease term - operating leases (in years)			5.66
Weighted average discount rate - operating leases			7.36		%

Operating Lease Liabilities by Maturity Date

Operating leases liabilities by maturity date from June 30, 2022 were as follows (in thousands):


Year ended December 31,	Operating Leases
2022	$	5,023
2023	9,812
2024	7,952
2025	7,145
2026	7,059
Thereafter	14,742
Total minimum lease payments	$	51,733
Less: Imputed interest	10,257
Total lease liabilities	$	41,477

SEGMENT INFORMATION (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2022

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Reportable Segments Information

Information about the Company’s reportable segments are as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended June 30,				Six Months Ended June 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Revenue from external customers
Retail	$	204,201	$	134,763	$	395,993	$	227,736
Wholesale	19,532		20,087		47,319		33,118
Consolidated	$	223,733	$	154,850	$	443,312	$	260,854
Segment gross profit (loss)
Retail	$	12,506	$	15,978	$	23,433	$	23,215
Wholesale	(628)		353		(768)		481
Consolidated	$	11,878	$	16,331	$	22,665	$	23,696

Reconciliation of Reportable Segment Gross Profit to Net Loss and Comprehensive Loss Attributable to Common St